Rose Fortune: A Trailblazing Businesswoman Ahead Of Her Time

Born into an era of slavery, Rose Fortune defied expectations to become a talented businesswomen, during a time when this was not encouraged for women or Black people.

Her legacy, marked by entrepreneurial prowess and a commitment to justice, continues to inspire generations.

Early Life

Rose Fortune was born into slavery in Philadelphia around 1774. Little is known about her early years except that she was born to parents who were enslaved. In the late 18th century, Fortune’s family were among the thousands of enslaved African Americans who sought freedom during the American Revolution and joined the British forces as Black Loyalists. When the war ended, loyalist moved to British-held territories, including Nova Scotia.

Fortune's family was among those who sought refuge in Nova Scotia, settling in the Annapolis Valley. At the time, Nova Scotia was a British colony. Although slavery was still legal here, there was a growing community of free Black people. It was in this environment that Fortune began to carve out her path.

Rose Fortune Become An Entrepreneur 

Fortune's entrepreneurial spirit shone through from a young age. She began her career as a baggage carrier, transporting goods and luggage in a wheelbarrow from the docks to nearby homes and hotels. Over time, she expanded her services to include a wake-up call service to ensure travellers didn’t miss their ships. 

In the 1840s, horse-drawn wagons replaced wheelbarrows and soon Rose was operating what became known as Lewis Transfer. The business continued for 100 years with grandchildren taking up the torch as years went on.

Canada’s First Female Police Officer

Beyond her entrepreneurial endeavors, Rose Fortune has been referred to as Canada’s (and maybe even North America’s) first female police officer. 

In the early 19th century, the port town of Annapolis Royal faced challenges related to theft and disorderly conduct. Well-known for her strength, trustworthiness and no-nonsense attitude, Fortune was entrusted with keeping the peace and safeguarding property on the waterfront. This included the imposing of laws and curfews to keep everyone’s behaviour in order. 

Despite facing skepticism and prejudice due to her gender and race, Fortune approached her duties with professionalism and determination. She patrolled the waterfront, intervened in disputes, and kept goods safe. This earned her the respect of both the community and law enforcement officials.

The Legacy and Impact of Rose Fortune

Rose Fortune's legacy extends far beyond her achievements as an entrepreneur and law enforcement officer. She shattered stereotypes and defied societal norms, paving the way for future generations of Black Canadians and women in law enforcement.

Her story serves as a reminder of the resilience and tenacity of marginalized communities throughout history.

Photo Credit: Rose Fortune, unknown artist, Nova Scotia Archives Documentary Art Collection: accession number 1979-147/56 negative number: N-6955 CN-9813